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　　1、 Emulsification of lubricating oil:

　　In the process of using lubricating oil, we have met the situation that the lubricating oil or hydraulic oil is turbid and milky white, and the viscosity of lubricating oil changes greatly. In fact, this is the emulsification of oil. The emulsification of lubricating oil is a kind of function that one kind of liquid disperses uniformly in another kind of liquid which is insoluble with very small liquid drop.

　　Reason:

　　The existence of water in lubricating oil will accelerate the aging of oil quality and produce emulsification; at the same time, it will act with additives in oil to promote its decomposition, leading to equipment corrosion.

　　Air dissolved in oil, especially at high temperature, will accelerate the oxidation of oil. During the operation of steam turbine, naphthenic acid soap, colloid and other substances are emulsifiers, which make the oil more easily emulsified.

　　The emulsification of turbine oil is also related to the performance of additives in the oil. Turbine oil additives, such as antioxidants and antirust agents, are mostly compounds or mixtures with certain surface activity.

　　Stir vigorously. When the turbine is rotating at high speed, the oil and water are stirred violently and fully, and they are turbid liquid. At this time, the hydrophilic polar group has the opportunity to fully affinity with water. When the affinity is large, it will firmly bond with water.

　　There are three main forms of water in oil:

　　(1) Free water (or standing water). Water is free in oil in the form of water drop, or settled at the bottom of equipment and container. Although the breakdown voltage of the oil is not normally affected, this is also not allowed because it indicates that there is water dissolved in the oil. The water settled at the bottom of equipment and container can be discharged or disposed directly, with little harm.

　　(2) Dissolved water. The existence of dissolved water (oil in water, oil in water) is easy to cause oil emulsification water to dissolve in the oil with extremely fine particles, usually from the air into the oil, which indicates that the oil has been polluted, there is also a small amount of water generated in the oil oxidation during operation, dissolved water can sharply reduce the breakdown voltage of oil. When the high temperature occurs between the coil and the core of the transformer, the dissolved water will change into steam state, and when the water contacts with the cold oil, the dissolved water will form again. In order to completely remove the dissolved water, it can be removed by high vacuum atomization method at a certain temperature, which is often called "vacuum" oil filtration.

　　(3) Emulsified water. It refers to the mixture of oil and ultra-fine water drop (atomized water drop). The oil is emulsion. No matter whether it is heated, filtered or clarified, such water drop can not be separated from oil. Only under certain conditions, adding suitable demulsifier can separate oil and water. Emulsion water is harmful to oil.

　　The following fault causes are generally referred to for lubricating oil emulsification:

　　1. The water in the air condenses because of the alternation of heat and cold, and becomes water drops and falls into the oil.

　　2. Due to the loose sealing of welds, flanges, etc., the rainwater on the oil tank seeps into the oil tank.

　　3. Due to the damage of the pumping hydraulic cylinder, water is carried into the oil by the piston rod.

　　4、 Water is brought in during cleaning, oil change and maintenance.

　　5. Troubleshooting: (1) timely drainage, it is recommended to open the water valve to drain water before each work. (2) . try to avoid changing oil in rainy days. If changing oil in rainy days, measures shall be taken to prevent rainwater from entering the oil tank. (3) . waterproof measures shall be taken during maintenance in rainy days. If conditions permit, when the oil temperature is too high, water the closed chamber and cooler of the pumping hydraulic cylinder to reduce the oil temperature and prevent the generation of high temperature oxides.

　　2、 Reduction of lubricating oil after filtration:

　　It is not terrible to find the water in the oil or the emulsification of lubricating oil. We should immediately avoid the common existence of water, mechanical impurities and oil for a long time, so as to accelerate the oxidation of oil products and increase its pollution. In fact, lubricating oil with serious emulsification or water inflow can be demulsified, dehydrated and filtered out in a timely manner through the filter of medium and clean filter equipment (the effect of coalescing vacuum dehydrating oil filter is more thorough and efficient than ordinary simple ones). After oil treatment, it can be tested comprehensively for moisture value, mechanical impurity content and viscosity value. Generally, these values are up to standard, and oil can be To recycle.